The map
Everything that goes into a solar or battery decision, and how the pieces connect. 119 concepts across 10 graphs, joined by 135 relationships.
The graphs cross into each other deliberately. A fact about your roof feeds a variable in the calculation, which feeds a number with a pound sign on it. Following those crossings is the whole exercise.
Decisions
The questions a homeowner is actually trying to answer, in the order they hit them. This graph, not the technology graph, is what the navigation and the learning tracks are built from.
Should I get solar at all
feeds Solar or battery first, feeds Payback period.
Solar or battery first
is fed by Should I get solar at all, feeds What size system.
What size system
is fed by Solar or battery first, feeds What size battery, is fed by Add a heat pump.
What size battery
is fed by What size system, feeds Which tariff to be on, is fed by Add a battery to existing solar.
Add a battery to existing solar
feeds What size battery.
A battery without solar
requires Time-of-use tariff.
Which tariff to be on
is fed by What size battery, feeds Annual saving, is fed by How to charge an EV.
Cash or finance
feeds Payback period.
Which installer
feeds System cost.
Buy now or wait
feeds System cost.
Add a heat pump
feeds What size system.
How to charge an EV
feeds Which tariff to be on.
The calculation
The model's own inputs and outputs, named. This graph is the site's differentiator: it lets an article point at the exact variable it is about, and it is why the content and the calculator are one product rather than two.
System size (kWp)
feeds Annual generation, is fed by Usable roof area.
Annual generation
is fed by System size (kWp), feeds Self-consumption rate, feeds Exported kWh, is reduced by Degradation, is fed by Roof orientation, is fed by Roof pitch, is reduced by Shading, is fed by Solar irradiance.
Self-consumption rate
is fed by Annual generation, feeds Avoided import, reduces Exported kWh, is increased by Battery capacity, increases Annual saving, is fed by Occupancy pattern, is fed by Annual consumption.
Exported kWh
is fed by Annual generation, is reduced by Self-consumption rate, feeds Export income.
Battery capacity
increases Self-consumption rate, is reduced by Depth of discharge, is reduced by Round-trip efficiency, feeds Cost per usable kWh.
Depth of discharge
reduces Battery capacity.
Round-trip efficiency
reduces Battery capacity.
Cycle life
feeds Battery replacement cost.
Degradation
reduces Annual generation.
Projection horizon
governs Payback period.
Avoided import
is fed by Self-consumption rate, feeds Annual saving.
Money
Everything with a pound sign. This is the graph the site is actually about, and every article in every other graph should terminate somewhere in this one.
System cost
is fed by Which installer, is fed by Buy now or wait, increases Payback period, is reduced by Grant, is reduced by Zero rate VAT, feeds Cost per kWp.
Cost per kWp
is fed by System cost.
Cost per usable kWh
is fed by Battery capacity, feeds Battery replacement cost.
Payback period
is fed by Cash or finance, is fed by Should I get solar at all, is governed by Projection horizon, is increased by System cost, is reduced by Annual saving, is increased by Battery replacement cost.
Annual saving
is fed by Which tariff to be on, is fed by Avoided import, reduces Payback period, is increased by Export income, is reduced by Maintenance cost, governs Today's money, is increased by Self-consumption rate, is fed by Import rate.
Export income
is fed by Exported kWh, increases Annual saving, is fed by Export rate.
Grant
reduces System cost, is fed by Boiler Upgrade Scheme, is fed by ECO4, offers Nest Wales.
Zero rate VAT
reduces System cost.
Finance
increases Opportunity cost, offers Home Energy Scotland loan.
Battery replacement cost
is fed by Cycle life, increases Payback period, is fed by Cost per usable kWh.
Maintenance cost
reduces Annual saving.
Property value
is increased by Solar panel, is increased by EPC rating.
Opportunity cost
is increased by Finance.
Today's money
is governed by Annual saving.
Tariffs
The price of a kilowatt hour in each direction. A tariff change can move payback further than a hardware choice, and it is the one lever a homeowner can pull today for nothing.
Import rate
feeds Annual saving, is governed by Energy price cap, is an alternative to Export rate, offers Utility Warehouse.
Export rate
feeds Export income, is governed by Smart Export Guarantee, is an alternative to Import rate, offers Octopus Energy, offers British Gas, offers E.ON Next, offers EDF Energy, offers OVO Energy, offers Scottish Power, offers Good Energy, offers So Energy.
Standing charge
is reduced by No standing charge tariff, is reduced by Warm Home Discount.
Energy price cap
governs Import rate.
Smart Export Guarantee
governs Export rate, requires Smart meter, requires MCS certification, is an alternative to Feed-in Tariff, is governed by MCS certification, is a source of variation in Northern Ireland.
Feed-in Tariff
is an alternative to Smart Export Guarantee.
Time-of-use tariff
is required by A battery without solar, pairs with Home battery, is an alternative to Economy 7, is an alternative to Fixed tariff, offers Octopus Energy.
Economy 7
is an alternative to Time-of-use tariff.
EV tariff
pairs with EV charger, offers Octopus Energy.
Heat pump tariff
pairs with Heat pump, offers Octopus Energy.
Fixed tariff
is an alternative to Time-of-use tariff.
No standing charge tariff
reduces Standing charge.
Technology
The components of a home energy system and how they physically depend on each other. Drives 'what else do I need' linking.
Solar panel
increases Property value, requires String inverter, is an alternative to Microinverter, pairs with Home battery, pairs with Solar diverter, pairs with EV charger, pairs with Heat pump, is an alternative to Solar roof tile, is an alternative to Plug-in solar, is fed by JinkoSolar, is fed by LONGi, is fed by Aiko, is governed by Planning permission, is governed by DNO G98 notification, is governed by Roof loading assessment.
String inverter
is required by Solar panel, is an alternative to Hybrid inverter, pairs with Power optimiser.
Hybrid inverter
is an alternative to String inverter, is required by Home battery, is fed by Sunsynk, is fed by SolaX, is fed by Growatt.
Microinverter
is an alternative to Solar panel, is fed by Enphase.
Power optimiser
pairs with String inverter, is fed by SolarEdge, is required by Shading.
Home battery
pairs with Time-of-use tariff, requires Hybrid inverter, pairs with Solar panel, pairs with EV charger, is fed by Tesla Powerwall, is fed by GivEnergy, is fed by Pylontech, is fed by Fogstar, is fed by Fox ESS, is governed by DNO G99 application.
Solar diverter
pairs with Solar panel, requires Immersion heater.
Immersion heater
is required by Solar diverter.
EV charger
pairs with EV tariff, pairs with Solar panel, pairs with Home battery, is fed by myenergi Zappi, is fed by Ohme, is governed by Building regulations.
Heat pump
pairs with Heat pump tariff, pairs with Solar panel, is governed by Boiler Upgrade Scheme.
Smart meter
is required by Smart Export Guarantee, is an alternative to Generation meter.
Generation meter
is an alternative to Smart meter.
Solar roof tile
is an alternative to Solar panel, is a source of variation in Roof type.
Plug-in solar
is an alternative to Solar panel.
Products and brands
Named hardware people search for by brand. Brand queries are low difficulty and high intent, and each one is an opportunity to show the same payback maths on a specific product.
Tesla Powerwall
feeds Home battery, is an alternative to GivEnergy.
GivEnergy
feeds Home battery, is an alternative to Tesla Powerwall.
Sunsynk
feeds Hybrid inverter, is an alternative to SolaX.
SolaX
feeds Hybrid inverter, is an alternative to Sunsynk.
Pylontech
feeds Home battery.
Fogstar
feeds Home battery.
Growatt
feeds Hybrid inverter.
Fox ESS
feeds Home battery.
SolarEdge
feeds Power optimiser.
Enphase
feeds Microinverter.
JinkoSolar
feeds Solar panel.
LONGi
feeds Solar panel.
Aiko
feeds Solar panel.
myenergi Zappi
feeds EV charger.
Ohme
feeds EV charger.
The property
Facts about a specific house that change the answer. These are the calculator's real inputs, and the reason a national average is useless to an individual.
Roof orientation
feeds Annual generation.
Roof pitch
feeds Annual generation.
Roof type
varies by Solar roof tile.
Shading
reduces Annual generation, requires Power optimiser.
Usable roof area
feeds System size (kWp), is a source of variation in Property type.
Property type
varies by Usable roof area.
EPC rating
increases Property value, is increased by Insulation, is governed by EPC requirement.
Insulation
increases EPC rating, is governed by ECO4.
Occupancy pattern
feeds Self-consumption rate.
Annual consumption
feeds Self-consumption rate.
Listed building
requires Planning permission, requires Planning permission.
Regulation and schemes
The rules that decide whether something is allowed and whether it is paid for. Regulation articles date fastest, so each one carries the date it was checked.
MCS certification
is required by Smart Export Guarantee, governs Smart Export Guarantee.
Planning permission
is required by Listed building, governs Solar panel, is required by Listed building.
Building regulations
governs EV charger.
DNO G98 notification
governs Solar panel.
DNO G99 application
governs Home battery.
Boiler Upgrade Scheme
governs Heat pump, feeds Grant.
ECO4
governs Insulation, feeds Grant, pairs with Warm Home Discount.
Warm Home Discount
reduces Standing charge, pairs with ECO4.
EPC requirement
governs EPC rating.
Roof loading assessment
governs Solar panel.
Suppliers
Who offers which tariff and which export rate. Supplier queries are high volume and low difficulty, and are the natural place to compare a real rate against the alternatives.
Octopus Energy
is offered by Time-of-use tariff, is offered by Export rate, is offered by EV tariff, is offered by Heat pump tariff.
British Gas
is offered by Export rate.
E.ON Next
is offered by Export rate.
EDF Energy
is offered by Export rate.
OVO Energy
is offered by Export rate.
Scottish Power
is offered by Export rate.
Good Energy
is offered by Export rate.
Utility Warehouse
is offered by Import rate.
So Energy
is offered by Export rate.
Geography
Where the house is, which changes both generation and the schemes available. Irradiance varies by roughly a fifth across the UK, which is enough to move payback by years.
England
varies by Solar irradiance.
Scotland
varies by Solar irradiance.
Wales
varies by Solar irradiance.
Northern Ireland
varies by Solar irradiance, varies by Smart Export Guarantee.
Solar irradiance
feeds Annual generation, is a source of variation in England, is a source of variation in Scotland, is a source of variation in Wales, is a source of variation in Northern Ireland, is a source of variation in South East England, is a source of variation in South West England, is a source of variation in Northern England, is a source of variation in The Midlands.
South East England
varies by Solar irradiance.
South West England
varies by Solar irradiance.
Northern England
varies by Solar irradiance.
The Midlands
varies by Solar irradiance.
Home Energy Scotland loan
is offered by Finance.
Nest Wales
is offered by Grant.